Forgotten news

This year’s annual Project Censored list of the most underreported news stories includes the widening wealth gap, the trial of Pfc. Chelsea E. (formerly Bradley) Manning for leaking classified documents, and President Barack Obama’s war on whistle-blowers—all stories that actually received considerable news coverage.

So, how exactly were they “censored,” and what does that say of this venerable media-watchdog project?

Project Censored isn’t only about stories that were deliberately buried or ignored. It’s also about stories the media have covered poorly, through a sort of false objectivity that skews the truth. Journalists do occasionally cry out against injustice, but they don’t always do it well.

That’s why Project Censored was started back in 1976: to highlight stories the traditional media missed. Although the project initially started in California—at Sonoma State University—now academics and students from 18 universities and community colleges across the country pore through hundreds of submissions of overlooked and underreported stories annually. A panel of academics and journalists then picks the top 25 stories and curates them into themed clusters. This year’s book, Censored 2014: Fearless Speech in Fearful Times, hit bookstores in October.

The media mangling of Manning is No. 1 on the Project Censored list for 2013, but the shallow coverage this story received is not unique. The news media are in a crisis, particularly in the United States—and it’s getting worse.

The Project for Excellence in Journalism, which conducts an annual analysis of trends in news, found that as revenue in journalism declined, newsrooms have shed 30 percent of their staff in the last decade. In 2012, the number of reporters in this country dipped to its lowest level since 1978, with fewer than 40,000 nationally.

For American journalism to revive itself, it has to move beyond its corporate ties. It has to become a truly free press. It’s time to end the myth that corporate journalism is the only way for media to be objective, monolithic and correct.

The failures of that prescription are clear in Project Censored’s top 10 stories of the year:

1. Chelsea Manning and the failure of corporate media

Untold stories of Iraqi civilian deaths by American soldiers, U.S. diplomats pushing aircraft sales on foreign royalty, uninvestigated abuse by Iraqi allies, the perils of the rise in private war contractors—this is what Manning exposed. They were stories that challenge the U.S. political elite, and they were made possible only by a sacrifice.

Manning got a 35-year prison sentence for the revelation of state secrets to WikiLeaks, a story told countless times in corporate media. But as Project Censored posits, the failure of our media was not in the lack of coverage of Manning, but in its focus.

Though The New York Times partnered with WikiLeaks to release stories based on the documents, many published in 2010 through 2011, news from the leaks has since slowed to a trickle—a waste of more than 700,000 pieces of classified intelligence giving unparalleled ground-level views of America’s costly wars.

The media quickly took a scathing indictment of U.S. military policy and spun it into a story about Manning’s politics and patriotism. As Rolling Stone pointed out, Manning initially took the trove of leaks to The Washington Post and The New York Times, only to be turned away.

Alexa O’Brien, a former Occupy activist, scooped most of the media by actually attending Manning’s trial. She produced tens of thousands of words in transcriptions of the court hearings, one of the only reporters on the beat.

2. Richest global 1 percent hide billions in tax havens

Global corporate fat cats hold $21 trillion to $32 trillion in offshore havens, money hidden from government taxation that would benefit people around the world, according to findings by James S. Henry, the former chief economist of the global management firm McKinsey & Company.

The International Consortium of Investigative Journalists obtained a leak in April, revealing how widespread the buy-in was to these tax havens. The findings were damning: Government officials in Canada, Russia and other countries have embraced offshore accounts, the world’s top banks (including Deutsche Bank) have worked to maintain them, and the tax havens are used in Ponzi schemes.

Moving money offshore has implications that ripped through the world economy. Part of Greece’s economic collapse was due to these tax havens, ICIJ reporter Gerard Ryle told Brooke Gladstone on her radio show, On the Media.

“It’s because people don’t want to pay taxes,” he said. “You avoid taxes by going offshore and playing by different rules.”

U.S. Sen. Carl Levin, a Michigan Democrat, introduced legislation to combat the practice—the Stop Tax Haven Abuse Act—but so far, the bill has had little play in the media.

Researcher James Henry said the hidden wealth was a “huge black hole” in the world economy that has never been measured, which could generate income-tax revenues between $190 billion to $280 billion a year.

3. Trans-Pacific Partnership

Take 600 corporate advisers, mix in officials from 11 international governments, let it bake for about two years, and out pops international partnerships that threaten to cripple progressive movements worldwide.

The Trans-Pacific Partnership is a trade agreement, but leaked texts show it may allow foreign investors to use “investor-state” tribunals to extract extravagant extra damages for “expected future profits,” according to the Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch.

The trade-watch group investigated the TPP and is the main advocate in opposition of its policies. The AFL-CIO, Sierra Club and other organizations have also had growing concerns about the level of access granted to corporations in these agreements.

With extra powers granted to foreign firms, the possibility that companies would continue moving offshore could grow. But even with the risks of outsized corporate influence, the United States has a strong interest in the TPP in order to maintain trade agreements with Asia.

The balancing act between corporate and public interests is at stake, but until the country releases more documents from negotiations, the American people will remain in the dark.

4. Obama’s war on whistle-blowers

President Obama has invoked the Espionage Act of 1917 more than every other president combined. Eight times Obama has pursued leakers with the act: against Thomas Drake, Shamai Leibowitz, Stephen Jin-Woo Kim, Jeffrey Sterling, Chelsea (aka Bradley) Manning, John Kiriakou, James Hitselberger and, most recently, Edward Snowden. All had ties to the state department, FBI, CIA or NSA, and all of them leaked to journalists.

“Neither party is raising hell over this. This is the sort of story that sort of slips through the cracks,” said Robert W. McChesney, an author, longtime media-reform advocate, professor at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and host of Media Matters from 2000-2012. And when the politicians don’t raise a fuss, neither do the media.

ProPublica covered the issue, constructing timelines and mapping out the various arrests and indictments. But Project Censored points out the lack of coverage is in Obama’s hypocrisy—only a year before, he signed the Whistleblower Protection Act. Later on, he said he wouldn’t follow every letter of the law in the bill he had only just signed.

“Certain provisions in the [whistle-blower] act threaten to interfere with my constitutional duty to supervise the executive branch,” Obama said. “As my administration previously informed the Congress, I will interpret those sections consistent with my authority.”

5. Hate and anti-government groups on the rise

Hate groups in the United States are on the rise, according to a report by the Southern Poverty Law Center. There are 1,007 known hate groups operating across the country, writes the SPLC, including neo-Nazis, Ku Klux Klan, white nationalists, neo-Confederates, racist skinheads, black separatists, border vigilantes and others.

Since 2000, those groups have grown by more than half, and there was a “powerful resurgence” of patriot groups, the likes of which were involved in the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995. Worst of all, the huge growth in armed militias seems to have conspicuous timing with Obama’s election.

“The number of Patriot groups, including armed militias, has grown 813 percent since Obama was elected—from 149 in 2008 to 1,360 in 2012,” the SPLC reported.

Though traditionally those groups were race-motivated, the report noted that they are now gunning for government. There was a smattering of news coverage when the SPLC released its report, but not much since.

6. Billionaires’ rising wealth intensifies poverty and inequality

The world’s billionaires added $241 billion to their collective net worth in 2012. That’s an economic recovery, right?

That gain, coupled with the world’s richest peoples’ new total worth of $1.9 trillion (more than the gross domestic product of Canada), wasn’t reported by some kooky socialist group, but by Bloomberg News. But few journalists are asking the important question: Why?

Project Censored points to journalist George Monbiot, who highlights a reduction of taxes and tax enforcement, the privatization of public assets, and the weakening of labor unions.

His conclusions are backed up by the United Nations’ Trade and Development Report from 2012, which noted how the trend hurts everyone: “Recent empirical and analytical work reviewed here mostly shows a negative correlation between inequality and growth.”

7. Merchant of death and nuclear weapons

The report highlighted by Project Censored on the threat of nuclear war is an example not of censorship, strictly, but a desire for media reform.

Project Censored highlighted a study from the Physicians for Social Responsibility that said 1 billion people could starve in the decade after a nuclear detonation. Corn production in the United States would decline by an average of 10 percent for an entire decade, and food prices would make food inaccessible to hundreds of millions of the world’s poorest citizens.

This is not journalism in the classic sense, according to On the Media’s Gladstone, who is also the writer of The Influencing Machine, a graphic-novel-cum-news-media-critique. In traditional journalism, as it’s played out since the early 20th century, news requires an element of something new in order to garner reporting—not a looming threat or danger.

So, in this case, what Project Censored identified was the need for a new kind of journalism, what it calls “solutions journalism.”

“Solutions journalism,” Sarah van Gelder wrote in the foreword to Censored 2014, “must investigate not only the individual innovations, but also the larger pattern of change—the emerging ethics, institutions and ways of life that are coming into existence.”

8. Bank interests inflate global prices by 35 percent to 40 percent

Does 35 percent of everything bought in the United States go to interest? Professor Margrit Kennedy of the University of Hannover thinks so, and she says it’s a major funnel of money from the 99 percent to the rich.

In her 2012 book, Occupy Money, Kennedy wrote that tradespeople, suppliers, wholesalers and retailers along the chain of production rely on credit. Her figures were initially drawn from the German economy, but Ellen Brown of the nonprofit Global Research, and author of The Web of Debt, said she found similar patterns in the United States.

This “hidden interest” has sapped the growth of other industries, she said, lining the pockets of the financial sector.

So, if interest is stagnating so many industries, why would journalists avoid the topic?

Few economists have echoed Kennedy’s views, and few experts emerged to back up her assertions. Notably, she’s a professor in an architectural school, with no formal credentials in economics.

From her own website, she said she became an “expert” in economics through “continuous research and scrutiny.”

Without people in power pushing the topic, author McChesney said that a mainstream journalist would be seen as going out on a limb.

“The reporters raise an issue the elites are not raising themselves, then you’re ideological, have an ax to grind, sort of a hack,” he said. “It makes journalism worthless on pretty important issues.”

9. Icelanders vote to include commons in their constitution

In 2012, Icelandic citizens voted in a referendum to change the country’s 1944 constitution. When asked, “In the new Constitution, do you want natural resources that are not privately owned to be declared national property?” its citizens voted 82 percent in favor.

Project Censored says this is important for us to know, but in the end, U.S. journalism is notably American-centric. Even the Nieman Watchdog, a foundation for journalism at Harvard University, issued a report in 2011 citing the lack of reporting on a war the United States funneled more than $4 trillion into over the past decade, not to mention the cost in human lives.

If we don’t pay attention to our own wars, why exactly does Project Censored think we’d pay attention to Iceland?

“The constitutional reforms are a direct response to the nation’s 2008 financial crash,” Project Censored wrote, “when Iceland’s unregulated banks borrowed more than the country’s gross domestic product from international wholesale money markets.”

Solutions-based journalism rears its head again, and the idea is that America has much to learn from Iceland, but even Gladstone was dubious.

“Iceland is being undercovered, goddamn it! Where is our Iceland news?” she joked with us. “Certainly, I agree with some of this list. Bradley Manning was covered badly; I was sad the tax-haven story didn’t get more coverage. But when has anyone cared about Iceland?”

10. A culture of cruelty along Mexico-U.S. border

The plight of Mexican-border crossings usually involves three types of stories in the U.S. press: deaths in the stretch of desert beyond the border, the horrors of drug cartels and heroic journeys of border crossings by sympathetic workers. But a report released a year ago by the organization No More Deaths snags the 10th spot for overlooked stories in Project Censored.

The report asserts that people arrested by the U.S. Border Patrol while crossing were denied water and told to let their sick die. No More Deaths conducted more than 12,000 interviews to form the basis of its study in three Mexican cities: Naco, Nogales and Agua Prieta. The report cites grossly ineffective oversight from the Department of Homeland Security. This has received some coverage, from Salon showcasing video of Border Patrol agents destroying jugs of water meant for crossers to a piece in The New York Times citing a lack of oversight for the Border Patrol’s excessive force.

The American Civil Liberties Union lobbied the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights to call international attention to the plight of these border crossers at the hands of U.S. law enforcement.

If ever an issue flew under the radar, this is it.